| Congresso Brasileiro de Microbiologia 2023 | Resumo: 1128-1 | ||||
Resumo:During the COVID-19 pandemic, hospitalized patients had a prolonged hospitalization and a higher risk of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) caused by multidrug-resistant microorganisms (MDR). Among the standardized practices for the control of IRAS, the tracking of MDR microorganisms is carried out through epidemiological surveillance cultures when the patient is admitted to the hospital with suspicion for these bacteria. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether there was an increase in the positivity of weekly
epidemiological surveillance cultures and of patients admitted to Hospital Ministro Costa Cavalcanti (HMCC) in Foz do Iguaçu - PR, during the COVID-19 pandemic in the year 2021 compared to period after the pandemic, in 2022. A retrospective study was carried out, evaluating the weekly epidemiological surveillance cultures (rectal and nasal swabs) and of patients admitted to the HMCC, in the period of 2021 and 2022. Bacterial identification tests and profiles of sensitivity to antimicrobials were performed at the Clinical Analysis Laboratory of the HMCC, using the VITEK®2 bioMérieux (France) automated system, following the manufacturer's recommendations and also the NG Test® / CARBA-5 kit (Laborclin). For the statistical analysis, the T Test was used, through the PAST software. In the period studied, 1,141 cultures were positive, 775 in 2021 and 369 in 2022. In 2021, the prevalence of positive cultures was 59.35% KPC, 14% co-production KPC and NDM, 13% NDM, 6% ESBL, 5% MRSA, 3% VIM, >1% VRE, >1% IMP, and >1% KPC and VIM co-production. In comparison, in 2022, the positive culture prevalences were 38% KPC, 24% NDM, 23% ESBL, 7% KPC and NDM co-production, 3% MRSA, 2% KPC and VIM co-production, 1% VRE, 1% VIM, >1% IMP, >1% OXA48 and >1% OXA48 and NDM co-production. During the pandemic period, in 2021, there was a significant increase in positive cultures for KPC (p = 0.0005), KPC and NDM co-production (p = 0.0089), VIM (p = 0.02) and MSRA (p = 0.017). There were no statistically significant (p > 0,05) differences between culture positivity for KPC and VIM co-production, OXA48, OXA48 and NDM co-production, VRE and IMP. In view of these results, it should be considered that during the COVID-19 pandemic there was overcrowding of intensive care units (ICUs) in several hospitals, an increase in prolonged hospitalizations and exacerbated use of antimicrobials. Therefore, it is concluded that the COVID-19 pandemic has increased the positivity of surveillance cultures and the prevalence of some of the main MDR bacteria in the studied hospital. Palavras-chave: Antimicrobials, SARS-CoV-2, Bacterial resistance, Multi-resistance. Agência de fomento:Hospital Ministro Costa Cavalcanti - Fundação Itaiguapy | |||||