| Congresso Brasileiro de Microbiologia 2023 | Resumo: 1063-1 | ||||
Resumo:Sporotrichosis is a fungal infection that can affect both humans and animals, caused by pathogenic species of the genus Sporothrix. This disease is acquired by traumatic inoculation through contact with contaminated plants, soil and decomposing organic matter or by zoonotic transmission through scratches or bites of diseased felines. Major clinical forms are classified as cutaneous-fixed, lymphocutaneous, extracutaneous and disseminated. However, after the epidemics in Brazil and China, a variety of reports were published relating “atypical” cases of sporotrichosis. Therefore, it is important to recognize new clinical aspects of human sporotrichosis seeking at its early diagnosis and treatment. Thus, we aimed to describe the occurrence of atypical clinical presentations of human sporotrichosis and their potential association with geographical location, risk factors and Sporothrix species. Atypical presentation of the disease was defined as those occurring at non-usual infection/body sites and/or aggressive clinical evolution in the immunocompetent host. Systematic review included articles available on selected databases listed ahead, harvested in the period between first case publication (1948) to June 17th, 2021, written either in English, Portuguese or Spanish. It was conducted following the PRISMA statement, and the research question was constructed in the PICO format. The search strategy was built with the help of DeCS associated with the Boolean operator "AND" (e.g.: "Sporotrichosis" AND "Complications" AND "Human" AND "Case Reports"). Search databases were Pubmed, Lilacs and SciELO. Studies were screened using the selection criteria (e.g.: title and abstract) and eligibility criteria (e.g.: complete articles describing the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of atypical human sporotrichosis). The risk of bias in each study was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal form. Clinical-epidemiological characteristics were summarized, and then qualitatively analyzed in Microsoft Excel. In total, 629 articles were retrieved, 566 of which were excluded by the selection and eligibility criteria, leaving 63 eligible studies. Most of these studies were case reports of infections arising from feline scratches and/or bites in Brazilian areas. It is believed that the articular and ocular forms of human sporotrichosis may be the most frequent atypical ones, as confirmed by the present study. As a matter of fact, the fungus’ preference for bony and articular dissemination was previously mentioned since the disease’s first description in Brazil, by Adolfo Lutz in 1907. Ever since, the propensity to commit bone, joint and also ocular disease by Sporothrix brasiliensis has been emphasized as well as its rising morbidity. This systematic review provides subsidies for health professionals to better recognize atypical human sporotrichosis presentations. Therefore, it may contribute to early diagnosis and treatment and, ultimately, improve disease prognosis. In addition, instigates the investigation/research of the Sporothrix-human host interaction originated from the zoonotic transmission route. Palavras-chave: Subcutaneous mycosis, Dimorphic fungi, Zoonosis Agência de fomento:Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) - Finance Code 001. Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (PIBIC-CNPq-UFF, Brazil). A.R.S.B. and R.L.D.M. are research fellows of CNPq (PQ-CNPq). | |||||