| Congresso Brasileiro de Microbiologia 2023 | Resumo: 1007-1 | ||||
Resumo:Serra da Ferrugem (SF) is located in the municipality of Conceição do Mato Dentro - Minas Gerais, with a total area of 867 hectares. In 2007, the SF was transformed into a natural monument in order to preserve its landscape, being considered as historical-cultural heritage by the municipality. The SF is formed by ferriferous rocks, presenting numerous caves along its extension. The caves are habitat to unique organisms such as troglobites, and are considered true biodiversity hotspots. Aiming to survey the fungal diversity of the caves of the SF, samples of airborne, soil, litter, roots and rocks of 5 cavities (CSF 0804, CMN 16, CSF 0600, CSF 0386 and META 16) were collected for fungal isolation. Airborne fungi were collected by Koch's sedimentation method on three media: potato dextrose agar (PDA) plus chloramphenicol, dichloran glycerol agar and dichloran rose bengal chloramphenicol. Fifteen grams of soil were collected in 50 mL Falcon tubes in each cavity. Samples of litter and roots were collected and packed in paper bags. Fungi present on rocks were collected with the aid of a sterile swab and stored in test tubes containing 10 mL of saline solution. All samples were packed in thermal boxes and transported to the Laboratório de Micologia e Etiologia de Doenças Fúngicas de Plantas - UFV. Plates exposed to the cave atmosphere were incubated at 25°C and new fungal colonies were inoculated on plates containing PDA. For the isolation of fungi in rock and soil, 1 mL of saline solution from the rock samples was diluted in 9 mL of sterile water, 1 g of each soil sample was serially diluted to 10-4 dilution, and 200 μL of each dilution was plated on each culture medium described above. For root samples, the dilution-to-extinction isolation method was used, in which particles ranging in size from 106 to 212 µm were plated onto solid YMC culture medium. The litter samples were washed in running water, incubated in a humid chamber under natural light at room temperature, and fungal reproductive structures were transferred to new plates containing PDA. All plates were incubated at 25°C after isolation. Pure cultures were then obtained by the hyphal tip method. The isolates were stored in 10% glycerol and in sterilized distilled water, to be deposited in the laboratory's private collection. A total of 368 isolates were obtained, 102 from air samples, 111 from soil, 85 from litter, 52 from roots and 18 from rocks. To date, 178 isolates have had their total genomic DNA extracted. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region was amplified and sequenced. After obtaining the consensus sequences, they were compared with the GenBank database using the megaBLAST algorithm to assign identity at the genus taxonomic level. A total of 47 genera were found, distributed in 35 families, 16 orders and 4 phyla. The genus Penicillium was the most abundant with 75 isolates, followed by Cladosporium (28). Other studies have shown that these two genera are frequently found in caves. This preliminary study shows a great potential for fungal diversity in the SF, harbouring several genera and with the possibility of identifying new species. Studies for the identification of the other remaining isolates are still being conducted. Palavras-chave: Fungi, Biospeleology, Caves, Diversity Agência de fomento:TCCE/Vale - ICMBio / IABS, CAPES (Finance Code 001), CNPq , FAPEMIG. | |||||