| Congresso Brasileiro de Microbiologia 2023 | Resumo: 560-1 | ||||
Resumo:The dietary habits are one of the most important modulators of the microbiota-immune system axis, pointing to the importance of studies in the interface of nutrition, microbiology and immunology. Studies showed that macronutrients, micronutrients, and the different dietary profiles shape the gut microbiota diversity and their metabolities, impacting the human health and disease. The complex interaction between available nutrients and the gut microbiota can impact the immune responses throughout life, maintaining homeostatic conditions. The breakdown of this balanced diet-microbiota-immune system crosstalk can influence disease triggering, including autoimmune and allergic diseases. The aims of this study were to build a software based on a food frequency questionnaire, differentiating healthy individuals with plant-based (PBD) and animal-based diets (ABD), and ultimately compare the microbiota profile in these two groups. This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee (#4.063.487/2020) and all subjects signed a consent form. The software was registered at National Institute of Industrial Property (BR512023001138-0), and the gut microbiota was evaluated by 16S sequencing in Ion Torrent platform. Our preliminary results included 35 PBD subjects and 22 ABD individuals. Although we did not detect significant differences in the richness of the intestinal microbiota (Shannon index) between PBD and ABD, we observed differences in beta diversity, with two different clusters in Principal Coordinate Analysis (P<0.05). Through LEfse analyses, we detected the enrichment of some beneficial members (Actinobacteria, Clostridia, Faecalibacterium, Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Blautia, Roseburia) in the gut microbiota from PBD subjects, compared with ABD. We also observed a decrease in species that produce metabolites related to an anti-inflammatory profile in ABD individuals and a prevalence of species with an inflammatory profile, including gram-negative species from Bacteroidetes phylum (Bacteroides), Porphyromonadaceae and Parabacteroides. Our results pointed out for the importance to consider the nutrition and microbiota modulation as an important factor that can be used as a preventive and therapeutic tool in several disease-associated conditions.
Financial support: CAPES Palavras-chave: Plant-based diet, Animal-based diet, gut microbiota, microbiota modulation Agência de fomento:CAPES | |||||