| Congresso Brasileiro de Microbiologia 2023 | Resumo: 116-1 | ||||
Resumo:Chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) are clinically relevant due to the high number of individuals affected and their expressive need for readmissions and complex treatment. In Brazil, CRDs are responsible for a significant economic burden, with total hospitalization costs estimated at 1.3 billion reais in 2019. Cystic fibrosis (CF) and non-fibrocystic bronchiectasis (NFB) are two of the most common CRDs. Both diseases are characterized by a high predisposition to bacterial infections, which can lead to significant lung damage. Conventional microbial cultures are often biased towards the fastest-growing microorganisms, which can lead to an inaccurate identification of the full range of microorganisms present in the respiratory tract of patients with CRDs. This can make it difficult to diagnose and treat CRDs, and can also lead to the development of antibiotic resistance. Recent studies have shown that the respiratory tract microbiome of patients with CRDs is significantly different from that of healthy individuals. This difference is thought to be due to a combination of factors, including genetic predisposition, environmental exposure, and antibiotic treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of CRDs on the respiratory tract microbiome. We collected induced sputum and nasopharyngeal swab samples of 13 CF patients, 10 NFB patients, and 12 healthy individuals. An aliquot of the induced sputum samples from CF and NFB patients was inoculated onto blood agar, chocolate agar, and MacConkey agar for isolation of microorganisms which were identified by MALDI-TOF analysis. The remainder of the sputum samples were used for DNA extraction and complete Shotgun sequencing. Nine different microorganism species were isolated in total and stored for further polymicrobial interaction evaluation. The sequenced data shows an increased alpha-diversity in healthy individuals than CRD patients. Despite the impact of CRD on sputum samples, the alpha-diversity of taxa in the upper respiratory tract remains unaffected. Interestingly, the evaluated pathologies did not appear to significantly influence the diversity in nasopharyngeal composition. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was employed to assess the distribution of samples based on the identified taxa. The PCA results of the sputum samples distinctly revealed a clear demarcation between healthy individuals and those with CRD. Notably, individuals with cystic fibrosis and non-fibrocystic bronchiectasis exhibited a similar distribution, forming a cohesive grouping. Initial findings indicate distinct differences in the sputum microbiome composition between healthy individuals and CRD patients. In healthy individuals, Firmicutes emerges as the prevailing phylum, while in CF patients, Proteobacteria takes the lead as the most predominant phylum. For NFB patients, the majority of reads remain unclassified, suggesting the presence of unique or unidentified microbial elements in their sputum microbiome. Nasal swab PCA analysis was not capable of distinction between groups. In the next phase of the study, we will conduct further bioinformatics analyses to investigate the beta diversity and differential abundance of taxonomic groups, antimicrobial resistance molecular markers evaluation, and functional analysis. Palavras-chave: Cystic fibrosis, Non-fibrocystic bronchiectasis, Respiratory tract microbiome Agência de fomento:CAPES, FAPERGS, CNPq | |||||